Spine

Normal Anatomy of the Spine

The spine also called the back bone is designed to give us stability, smooth movement as well as providing a corridor of protection for the delicate spinal cord.

Ask an Orthopaedic Surgeon about Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is a condition caused from the vertebral column constricting and exerting pressure on the spinal cord or neural foramen (a bony tunnel through which a nerve exits the spinal cord).

Back Pain Exercises

Strenuous activities of daily living can stress the back resulting in pain. It is natural at this time to withdraw from activity and to rest; but it is not helpful in the long run and may actually slow down the healing process.

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Back Pain

The incidence of back pain has drastically increased. Approximately 90% of Americans experience back pain at different stages of their life. In America, the annual expenditure for the treatment of back pain is approximately $50 billion.

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Cauda Equina Syndrome

Cauda equina syndrome is an emergency condition characterized by persistent, severe lower back pain, caused by compression of a bundle of spinal nerves (cauda equina) at the end of the spinal cord (lower back and hip region). If not treated promptly, it can lead to permanent paralysis of the legs, or bowel, bladder and sexual problems.

Herniated Disk

Herniation of a disc is an anomalous spine condition characterized by leakage of the inner contents of the intervertebral disc, due to cracks in its outer wall. Herniated disc is commonly seen in the cervical or neck region, a condition called cervical herniated disc (CHD).

How to Prevent Back Pain

Back pain is common and usually affects everyone at some point. It often occurs more frequently as you grow older. Pain can either be sharp and sudden or dull and constant. Acute back pain lasts a few days or weeks while pain that lasts more than 6 months is considered chronic.

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Kyphosis

Kyphosis is an abnormal curving of the spine usually occurring in the thoracic region resulting in a round back or hunch back appearance. Kyphosis can also occur in the cervical and lumbar regions although this is less frequent.

Low Back Pain

Low back pain is the pain felt in the lower back that may originate from muscles, nerves, bones, joints or other structures in the spine. Low back pain is one of the most common medical problems experienced by most people at some time in their life.

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Low Back Pain Exercise Guide

Exercise is necessary to keep the lower back healthy. It can also alleviate back pain and prevent future episodes. A good exercise program for lower back pain should focus on the back, stomach and leg muscles as they play a part in stabilizing the spine during various movements.

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Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Lumbar stenosis refers to narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back (lumbar) region which exerts pressure over the spinal cord resulting in low back and leg pain. Lumbar stenosis occurs due to the narrowing of the spinal canal or the neuroforamen, in the lower back region.

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Preventing Back Pain at Work and at Home

The back is subject to wear and tear from daily activities and stresses. Pain may vary in severity and duration. Although the natural degenerative processes that take place with aging cannot be avoided, precautions can be taken at home and your workplace to minimize its impact.

Sciatica

Sciatic nerve is the largest and longest nerve in the body. It originates in the lower back, runs along the hip and back of the leg and finally terminates in the foot. Sciatica is characterized by severe pain in the leg resulting from compression or damage to this nerve.

Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a condition where the spine or back bone is curved sideways instead of appearing in a straight line. The most common type of scoliosis is adolescent idiopathic scoliosis which occurs after age 10 and is seen more frequently in girls than boys.

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Scoliosis in Children and Adolescents

Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, either to the left or to the right. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a type of scoliosis that occurs in children between 10 and16 years of age.

Spondylolysis

Spondylosis is a degenerative disorder of the spine due to the ageing process which disrupts the normal structure and function of the spine. It affects all the different structural components of the spine including intervertebral discs, ligaments, bones and facet joints.

Spondylolisthesis

The spine, also called the back bone, is designed to give us stability, smooth movement, as well as providing a corridor of protection for the delicate spinal cord. It is made up of bony segments called vertebrae and fibrous tissue called intervertebral discs.

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Spinal Fusion

Spinal fusion is the surgical technique of combining two or more vertebrae. Fusion of the vertebrae involves insertion of secondary bone tissue obtained either through auto graft (tissues from the same patient) or allograft (tissues from the other person) to augment the bone healing process.